945,090 hm 2 (886,040 km 2 land including Zanzibar, Mafia and Pemba Islands
Currency
Tanzania shilling (TSh or TZS)
President
President Jakaya M. Kikwete
(since 21 December 2005)
Public Holidays
New Year's Day 1 January
Zanzibar Revolution 12 Jan.
Good Friday (varies) April
Karume Day 7 April
Union Day 26 April
Constitution Day 27 April
Labour Day 1 May
Saba Saba 7 July
Farmers' Day 8 August
Nyerere Day 14 October
Independence Day 9 Dec.
Christmas Day 25 Dec.
Day of Goodwill 26 Dec.
Ramadan (Varies)
Maulidi (Varies)
LANGUAGE
Kiswahili is the official language of Tanzania. It is used in primary education; however, English, as the second official language, is the spoken commercial language as well as the main teaching language at higher education institutions.
There are several Kiswahili dialects, but standard spoken Swahili is based on the language of Zanzibar town. Written Swahili is based on the language spoken on the East African coast. Arabic is widely spoken in the coastal areas, particularly in Zanzibar.
Tanzania has an harmonious national culture, one that is based on a subtle but strong social code of courtesy and respect. Tanzania's culture is a result of African, Arab, European and Indian influences. The African people of Tanzania represent about 120 tribal groups. The largest groups are of Bantu origin, including Dukuma, Nyamwezi, Makonde, Haya and Chagga. The Maasai are of Nilotic origin, as are the Arusha and the Samburu.
Tanzania is one of the least urbanised countries in sub-Saharan Africa, but traditional African ideals are being deliberately adapted to modern life. Tanzanians are friendly to foreigners and amongst themselves. Politeness, respect and modesty are also highly valued, so it would be very helpful to learn some Kiswahili greetings before visiting. Take the time to greet people before you ask them for directions.
Handshakes is very important in social etiquette. Tanzanians frequently continue holding hands throughout a conversation. Note that the right hand is usually used for eating, while the left is traditionally used for toilet duties. You should try not to pass items to others with your left hand. When receiving items from others, do so with both hands, or with the right hand while touching the left hand to your right elbow.
Immodest attire, public affection and open anger are disrespectful to the Tanzanian people. In Zanzibar, it is important for women to dress modestly out of respect for Muslim cultural beliefs. Men should not wear shorts on the main island, and women should wear dresses that cover their shoulders and knees. This does not apply on Mnemba Island.
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